高标准农田建设提升农业绿色全要素生产率的研究——基于连续型双重差分的实证检验

RESEARCH ON THE HIGH STANDARD FARMLAND CONSTRUCTION IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL GREEN TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY——EMPIRICAL TEST BASED ON CONTINUOUS DIFFERENCE IN DIFFERENCE MODEL

关键词:  农业绿色全要素生产率  高标准农田建设  劳动力转移  种植结构调整  连续型双重差分

Key words:  agricultural green total factor productivity  high standard farmland  labor transfer  planting structure adjustment  continuous difference in difference model

摘要:

目的 基于2005—2017年31个省域的平衡面板数据，评估高标准农田建设政策能否实现经济效益与生态效益的双赢。方法 文章以国土资源部会同有关部门编制的《全国土地整治规划（2011—2015）》为准实验，使用连续型双重差分模型分析高标准农田建设政策对农业绿色全要素生产率的影响效应及作用机制。结果 （1）高标准农田建设政策能够显著提升农业绿色全要素生产率，该结论在经过一系列稳健性检验之后仍然成立。（2）该政策对农业绿色全要素生产率的提升作用主要来源于对农业绿色技术效率的提升上。（3）该政策对低分位点、东部及西部地区的农业绿色全要素生产率无显著影响，但会显著提升高分位点和中部省份的农业绿色全要素生产率，对粮食主产区和非粮食主产区均会产生显著正影响。（4）该政策能够通过促进劳动力转移和种植结构调整对农业绿色全要素生产率产生正影响。结论 在继续推进高标准农田政策促进粮食增产的同时，应当进一步强化其在节约农业用水、降低化肥农药施用量等方面的作用，打好高标准农田建设政策“组合拳”，实现农业绿色全要素生产率增长。

Abstract:

Based on the balanced panel data of 31 provinces (cities, or regions) from 2005 to 2017, this paper evaluates whether the high-standard farmland construction policy can achieve a win-win situation of economic and ecological benefits.The continuous difference in difference model was used to analyse the effects and mechanisms of high-standard farmland construction policies on agricultural green total factor productivity based on the National Land Improvement Plan (2011-2015) compiled by the Ministry of Land and Resources and other relevant departments. The results showed that: (1) High-standard farmland construction policies significantly improved agricultural green total factor productivity, and this conclusion was supported by a series of robustness tests. (2) The promotion effect of high-standard farmland construction policy on agricultural green total factor productivity stems primarily from increased agricultural green technology efficiency. (3) The high-standard farmland construction policy had no significant effect on agricultural green total factor productivity in the low quantiles, eastern and western provinces, but significantly improved the agricultural green total factor productivity in the high quantiles and central regions, and had a significant positive impact on the agricultural green total factor productivity in both major grain-producing and non-major grain-producing regions. (4) High-standard farmland construction policy could positively influenced agricultural green total factor productivity by promoting labor transfer and planting structure adjustment.Therefore, this paper recommends that while continuing to promote the high-standard farmland policy to increase grain production, it should further strengthen its role in saving agricultural water, reducing the application amount of fertilizers and pesticides, and play a "combination of high-standard farmland construction policies" to achieve steady improvement of agricultural green total factor productivity.