合作社高质量发展促进农业绿色生产率提高的机理与实效

THE MECHANISM AND EFFECTIVENESS OF PROMOTING HIGH-QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVES TO IMPROVE AGRICULTURAL GREEN PRODUCTIVITY

关键词:  合作社高质量发展  农业绿色生产率  农业绿色发展  SBM-GML指数  农业绿色技术

Key words:  the high-quality development of cooperatives  agricultural green productivity  agricultural green development  SBM-GML index  agricultural green technology

摘要:

目的 合作社的高质量发展给农业绿色发展提供了重要支撑，基于农业绿色生产率的增长源泉，探究合作社影响农业绿色生产率的作用机理与实效。方法 文章从“规范化水平、服务功能、示范带动效应”三方面建构合作社高质量发展的指标体系，利用2010—2020年我国30个省（市、区，不含港澳台和西藏地区）的面板数据，建立系统GMM模型实证检验合作社如何促进农业绿色发展。结果 （1）在作用效果上，合作社高质量发展通过农业绿色技术进步和绿色技术效率提升双轮驱动农业绿色生产率提高，边际弹性为0.179，且随时间推进，“十三五”时期增至0.309；（2）从作用机理看，合作社规范化水平主要通过推动农业绿色技术进步提高农业绿色生产率，示范带动效应通过农业绿色技术效率提升和农业绿色技术进步来提高农业绿色生产率，服务功能则无明显影响。结论 要推动农业绿色发展转型，各地应积极支持合作社发展，拓展合作社的绿色生产服务功能，并进一步出台绿色技术规范，对符合规范的合作社给予绿色补贴支持；同时，借助农产品消费市场的力量，完善农产品溢价识别机制，激励合作社用绿增效。

Abstract:

The high-quality development of cooperatives has brought an important support for the agricultural green development. Based on the growth source of agricultural green productivity, the mechanism and effectiveness of cooperatives affecting agricultural green productivity are analyzed. An index system of high-quality development of cooperatives was constructed from three aspects of "standardized level, service function and demonstration and driving function" and the panel data of 30 provinces in China from 2010 to 2020 was used to establish a systematic GMM model, and effectively tested the mechanism of cooperatives in promoting the green development of agriculture. The research showed that, in terms of the effect, the high-quality development of cooperatives increased agricultural green productivity through agricultural green technology progress and green technology efficiency improvement, the marginal elasticity was 17.9%, and increased to 30.9% during the 13th Five-Year Plan period; (2) From the mechanism of action, the cooperative standardization level mainly improved agricultural green productivity by promoting agricultural green technology progress, and the demonstration driving function increased by improving agricultural green technology efficiency and agricultural green technology progress, while the service function had no obvious influence. Therefore, the government should actively support the development of cooperatives, facilitate the transformation of green agricultural development, and further expand the service function of cooperatives to provide green production services, then establish standards for the use of green technologies and issue green subsidies. Meanwhile, the government need to improve the premium identification mechanism of agricultural products to encourage cooperatives to use green efficiency.