环境规制、绿色创新与畜牧业医疗防疫支出——基于13个生猪养殖优势省份的空间计量分析

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION, GREEN INNOVATION AND MEDICAL EPIDEMIC PREVENTION EXPENDITURE*—— BASED ON THE SPATIAL ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF 13 MAIN PIG-PRODUCING PROVINCES

关键词:  环境规制  绿色创新  医疗防疫支出  生猪养殖  空间计量模型

Key words:  environmental regulation  green innovation  medical and epidemic prevention expenditures  pig farming  spatial econometric model

摘要:

目的 探究环境规制对不同规模生猪养殖场户医疗防疫决策的影响及其空间溢出效应。方法 文章基于2007—2021年的相关统计数据，通过构建空间杜宾模型分析了环境规制对生猪养殖医疗防疫支出的影响及其空间效应，并进一步分析了绿色创新水平的调节效应。结果 （1）环境规制对生猪养殖医疗防疫支出产生了显著的负向影响，对规模户的影响要大于散养户，且对小规模养殖场户和中规模养殖场户的影响最大；（2）绿色创新水平能够显著降低散养户、小规模养殖场户、中规模养殖场户的医疗防疫支出，但是削弱了环境规制对生猪养殖医疗防疫支出的降低程度；（3）13个生猪养殖优势省份的散养户、小规模养殖场户、中规模养殖场户的医疗防疫支出存在显著的空间溢出负效应，而环境规制强度的提升可以降低邻近生猪养殖优势省份小规模养殖场户和大规模养殖场户的医疗防疫支出；（4）从空间杜宾稳健性回归和分位数回归的结果看，该文结论是稳健的。结论 今后应增加环境规制弹性、完善绿色专利制度、加快完善社会化服务、提升政府精准服务，并考虑环境规制、规模化程度、防疫管理水平、经济发展水平、政府规模等因素的空间溢出效应，实现嵌入产业转型升级特性的生猪养殖业绿色迁移。

Abstract:

This research aims to explore the impact of environmental regulation on the medical and epidemic prevention decisions of pig farms of different scales and its spatial spillover effects. Based on the relevant statistics from 2007 to 2021, this study analyzed the impact of environmental regulation on the medical epidemic prevention expenditure of pig breeding and its spatial effect by constructing a spatial Dubin model, and further analyzed the regulating effect of green innovation level. The results were showed as follows. (1) Environmental regulation had a significant negative impact on the medical and epidemic prevention expenditure of pig breeding, and the impact on large-scale households was greater than that of free-range farmers, and the impact on small-scale farms and medium-scale farms was the greatest. (2) The level of green innovation significantly reduced the medical epidemic prevention expenditure of free-range farmers, small-scale farm households and medium-scale farm households, but weakened the degree of reduction of medical epidemic prevention expenditure on pig breeding by environmental regulations. (3) There were significant spatial spillover negative effects in the medical epidemic prevention expenditure of free-range farmers, small-scale farm households and medium-scale farm households in the 13 provinces with advantageous pig breeding, and the improvement of environmental regulation intensity reduced the medical epidemic prevention expenditure of small-scale farm households and large-scale farm households in the surrounding provinces with advantageous pig breeding. (4) From the results of spatial Dubin robustness regression and Quantile regression, the conclusion drawn in this research was robust. In the future, we should increase the flexibility of environmental regulation, improve the green patent system, accelerate the improvement of socialized services, improve the precise services of the government, and consider the spatial spillover effect of environmental regulation, scale, epidemic prevention management level, economic development level, government scale and other factors to realize the green migration of the pig breeding industry embedded in the characteristics of industrial transformation and upgrading.