“三农”视角下中国乡村共同富裕的碳减排效应与机制检验

CARBON EMISSION REDUCTION EFFECT AND MECHANISM TEST OF CHINESE RURAL COMMON PROSPERITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF "AGRICULTURE-FARMER-RURAL"

关键词:  乡村共同富裕  农业碳排放强度  农村经济发展  农业技术进步  农民教育水平

Key words:  rural common prosperity  agricultural carbon emission intensity  rural economic development  agricultural technology progress  farmers' education level

摘要:

目的 促进乡村共同富裕是全体人民共同富裕的关键，其经济作用不言而喻，但乡村共同富裕在生态方面是否能够产生积极影响尚需深入探讨。研究从农业—农民—农村维度构建乡村共同富裕指数，明确乡村共同富裕对碳减排的影响效果与机理，为乡村共富和低碳农业协同发展提供经验依据。方法 文章基于2010—2020年省域面板数据，在STIRPAT模型基础上运用双固定效应模型、门限模型、空间杜宾模型对乡村共同富裕指数和农业碳排放强度的关系及机制进行检验。结果 （1）乡村共同富裕对农业碳排放强度具有抑制作用，其中富业和富民的减排效果最为显著。（2）乡村共同富裕的减排作用具有边际递减效应。粮食非主产区的减排效应优于主产区；城镇化高水平组减排效应优于低水平组。（3）农业技术进步、农村经济发展和农民受教育水平在乡村共同富裕对农业碳排放强度的影响中存在门限效应。（4）我国乡村共同富裕指数和农业碳排放强度均存在明显的区域差异，空间溢出效应存在。结论 因地制宜的乡村共同富裕举措能够有效降低农业碳排放强度，对实现低碳农业具有重要意义。

Abstract:

Promoting rural shared prosperity is essential for achieving the shared prosperity of all people. While its economic benefits are evident, the potential positive impact of rural shared prosperity on the environment needs further exploration. This research aims to clarify how rural shared prosperity affects carbon emission reduction and provide empirical evidence for the synergistic development of rural shared prosperity and low-carbon agriculture. According to the provincial panel data from 2010 to 2020, this study constructed a rural shared prosperity index from agriculture, farmers, and rural areas. It examined the relationship and mechanism of rural shared prosperity index and agricultural carbon emission intensity by applying the double fixed effect model, threshold model, and spatial Durbin model based on the STIRPAT model. The results were listed as follows. (1) Rural common prosperity had an inhibitory effect on agricultural carbon emission intensity. (2) The emission reduction effect of rural common prosperity had a marginal decreasing effect, and the mitigation effect of non-major grain-producing areas and urbanization high-level group were better than others. (3) Agricultural technology progress, rural economic development, and farmers' education levels had a threshold effect. (4) China's rural common prosperity index showed clear regional differences, and there was a spatial spillover effect on agricultural carbon emission intensity. Therefore, promoting rural shared prosperity following local conditions can effectively reduce agricultural carbon emission intensity, which is of great significance in realizing low-carbon agriculture.