中国农村人居环境治理效率动态演进及影响因素研究

STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC EVOLUTION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF RURAL HUMAN LIVING ENVIRONMENT GOVERNANCE EFFICIENCY IN CHINA

关键词:  农村人居环境治理效率  动态演进  影响因素  全局超效率EBM模型  空间计量模型

Key words:  governance efficiency of rural human living environment  dynamic evolution  influencing factors  global super-efficiency EBM model  spatial econometric model

摘要:

目的 测度中国农村人居环境治理效率，并对其动态演进及影响因素进行探究，旨在为中国各区域的农村人居环境治理政策制定提供量化支撑，进而助力快速有效实现“美丽中国”目标。方法 文章基于农村生产、生活、生态“三生”角度构建农村人居环境治理效率评价指标体系，运用非期望产出全局超效率EBM模型测度2007—2021年中国30个省（市、自治区，不含港澳台和西藏）的农村人居环境治理效率，利用核密度估计和马尔科夫链刻画其时空演变特征，并通过空间杜宾模型分析其影响因素及空间溢出效应。结果 （1）中国农村人居环境治理效率有待提升且存在地区差异，呈现“东部>西部>中部”的梯度特征。（2）研究期内农村人居环境治理效率整体仍处于两极分化格局，且呈现“俱乐部趋同”现象。（3）中国农村人居环境治理效率存在显著的空间溢出效应，农村经济发展水平、城镇化率、政府干预和工业化水平作为影响因素表现出一定的区域异质性。结论 根据中国农村人居环境治理效率及其影响因素的研究结果制定政策措施，以提升农村人居环境治理效率。

Abstract:

This study is intended to measure the governance efficiency of the rural human living environment in China and investigate its dynamic evolution and influencing factors, aims to provide quantitative support for the formulation of governance policies for the rural human living environment across different regions in China, thereby aiding in the rapid and effective achievement of the "Beautiful China" initiative. Basedon the perspective of "production-living-ecology", an evaluation index system for the governance efficiency of the rural human living environment was established, and the non-desired output global super-efficiency EBM model was used to measure the governance efficiency of the rural human living environment in 30 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) of China from 2007 to 2021, then kernel density estimation and Markov chains was adopted to depictethe spatiotemporal evolution characteristics, in addition, the spatial Durbin model was employed to analyzethe influencing factors and spatial spillover effects. The results indicated that: (1) The governance efficiency of China's rural human living environment needed improvement and there were regional disparities, showing a gradient feature of "East > West > Central." (2) Throughout the study period, the overall governance efficiency of the rural human living environment remained in a polarized pattern, display?ing a "club convergence" phenomenon. (3) There was a significant spatial spillover effect in the governance efficiency of China's rural human living environment, with the level of rural economic development, urbanization rate, government intervention, and industrialization level showing certain regional heterogeneity as influencing factors. Policy measures should be formulated based on the research findings on the governance efficiency of China's rural human living environment and its influencing factors to enhance the governance efficiency of the rural human living environment.