农户采纳专业化制棒出菇技术的影响因素分析——基于10省712份农户数据

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS AFFECTING THE ADOPTION OF SPECIALIZED MUSHROOMING TECHNOLOGY BY FARMERS——BASED ON 712 FARMERS' DATA FROM TN PROVINCES

关键词:  农户  影响因素分析  专业化制棒出菇技术  ISM解释结构模型

Key words:  farmers  analysis of influencing factors  specialized mushrooming production technology  interpretive structural modeling, ISM

摘要:

目的 专业化制棒出菇技术的发展、推广及应用是促进农户增收与实现食用菌产业可持续发展的重要技术手段，考察专业化制棒出菇技术采纳的影响因素及其作用路径，有助于为决策者提供精准依据。方法 文章分析农户采纳专业化制棒出菇技术的影响因素，基于10省712份农户数据进行实证检验，使用ISM解释结构模型分析关键影响因素间的作用路径。结果 （1）受教育程度、互联网使用、非农收入来源、种植规模、签订订单、互联网建设、到市场距离、技术了解程度、技术发展前景、技术经济效益和技术风险感知显著影响农户采纳专业化制棒出菇技术。（2）影响专业化制棒出菇技术采纳的因素分为直接因素、间接因素和根源因素3层，最后得到3条作用路径。结论 应加强专业化制棒出菇技术的宣传和培训、提升村庄道路和互联网等基础设施建设和鼓励企业进行订单农业等经营模式的拓展。

Abstract:

The development, promotion and application of specialized mushrooming technology is an important technical means to promote farmers' income and realize the sustainable development of edible fungus industry. Exploring the influencing factors of the adoption of specialized mushrooming technology and its pathway will help to provide a precise basis for decision makers. Firstly, we analyzed the influencing factors of farmers' adoption of specialized mushrooming technology; secondly, we conducted empirical tests based on 712 farmers' data in ten provinces; finally, we used ISM explanatory structural model to analyze the role paths among key influencing factors. The results were showed as follows. (1) Education level, Internet use, non-farm income sources, planting scale, order signing, Internet construction, distance to market, technology understanding, technology development prospect, technology economic benefits, and technology risk perception significantly affected farmers' adoption of specialized mushrooming technology. (2) The factors affecting the adoption of specialized mushrooming technology were divided into three levels: direct factors, indirect factors and root factors, and finally three paths were obtained. Accordingly, it is suggested to strengthen the publicity and training of the specialized mushrooming production technology, to improve the infrastructure construction of village roads and Internet, and to encourage enterprises to expand the business model of contract farming.