信息传递与社会模仿：同群效应对农户化肥减量行为的影响——基于1 488份数据的实证

INFORMATION TRANSMISSION AND SOCIAL IMITATION: THE IMPACT OF PEER EFFECTS INFLUENCE FARMERS' FERTILIZER REDUCTION BEHAVIOR——BASED ON 1488 PIECES OF DATA OF EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS

关键词:  同群效应  化肥减量  合作社  信息传递  社会模仿  农业生产要素

Key words:  peer effect  fertilizer reduction  cooperatives  information transfer  social imitation  agricultural production factors

摘要:

目的 研究同群效应影响农户化肥减量作用机理和路径并提出相应的对策建议。方法 文章基于江西省1 488份农户调查数据，利用Probit模型以及调节效应模型，研究同群效应对农户化肥减量行为的影响；并以地块规模、非农就业与耕地机械化生产作为调节变量分析同群效应下的农户化肥减量行为。结果 （1）农户化肥减量行为存在同群效应，（2）个体特征、地形差异的农户存在化肥减量行为差异性，（3）加入合作社农户对农户化肥减量行为具有“领导”作用，（4）地块规模、非农就业与耕地机械化生产均对同群效应有抑制作用。结论 （1）高度重视和利用农户同群效应，促进农户化肥减量；（2）因地制宜推进不同地形下农户化肥减量，通过技术和政策手段，有效推进农户化肥减量；（3）加大对合作社等新型农业经营主体化肥减量的政策支持，强化“领导”作用；（4）重视农户农业生产要素差异，优化政策支持。

Abstract:

This research aims to study the mechanism and path of the same peer effect on farmers' chemical fertilizer reduction, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures. Based on the survey data of 1 488 farmers in Jiangxi province, the Probit model and the moderating effect model was used to study the impact of the peer effect on farmers' fertilizer reduction behavior. And the plot size, non-agricultural employment and cultivated land mechanized production was used as moderating variables to analyze the fertilizer reduction behavior of farmers under the same peer effect. The results showed that: (1) There was a peer effect in the reduction behavior of farmers' chemical fertilizer; (2) There were differences in fertilizer reduction behavior among farmers with individual characteristics and topographic differences; (3) Farmers who joined cooperatives played a "leading" role in reducing the amount of chemical fertilizers of farmers; (4) Plot size, non-farm employment and mechanized production of cultivated land all had inhibitory effects on the peer effect. Finally, it proposes the following countermeasures to guide farmers' fertilizer reduction behavior. (1) It should attach great importance to and make use of the cohort effect of farmers, and promote the reduction of chemical fertilizers in farmers; (2) It should promote the reduction of chemical fertilizer in farmers under different terrains according to local conditions, and effectively promote the reduction of chemical fertilizer in farmers through technical and policy means; (3) It should increase policy support for the reduction of chemical fertilizers by cooperatives and other new agricultural business entities, and strengthen the "leading" role; (4) Additionally, it should pay much attention to the differences in agricultural production factors of rural households and optimize policy support.