基于Logistic-ISM模型的农户秸秆还田意愿与行为悖离研究

RESEARCH ON THE DEVIATION BETWEEN FARMERS' WILLINGNESS AND BEHAVIOR OF STRAW RETURNING BASED ON LOGISTIC-ISM MODEL

关键词:  农户  秸秆还田  意愿与行为  悖离  Logistic-ISM模型

Key words:  farmer  straw returning to the field  willingness and behavior  deviation  logistic-ISM model

摘要:

目的 秸秆还田有助于改善耕地质量，将农户的秸秆还田意愿真正付诸行动，使其意愿与行为保持一致，是解决耕地质量退化问题的有效措施之一。方法 文章基于农户行为理论，构建了农户秸秆还田意愿与行为产生悖离的理论分析框架，通过对东北三省924户农户进行实地调查，采用Logistic-ISM模型等分析方法，确定了农户秸秆还田意愿和行为悖离的影响因素，并进一步分析了各影响因素之间的关联关系和层次结构，解析出了其作用路径，揭示其内在影响机制。结果 （1）农户秸秆还田意愿与行为之间存在悖离，72.7%的农户具有明确的秸秆还田意愿，而实际具有秸秆还田行为的农户仅占16.9%；（2）文化程度、收入占比、耕地规模、秸秆还田技术认知、技术易用性认知、技术有用性认知、政府补贴、技术培训和人际信任等9因素对农户秸秆还田意愿与行为悖离有显著负向影响，仅有就业情况对农户秸秆还田意愿与行为悖离有显著正向影响；（3）对10个因素进行深层分析，得到“一抑制力，三路径”的层次结构，其中农户认知是直接驱动因素，技术培训、人际信任是中间层间接因素，个体特征和家庭特征是深层根源因素。结论 基于上述研究，提出可以通过培养高素质的职业农民、促进耕地的规模化经营、增强农户秸秆还田成效认知和营造良好舆论氛围等方面破解农户秸秆还田意愿与行为悖离，促进秸秆还田技术的推广与应用。

Abstract:

Straw returning is helpful to improve the quality of cultivated land. It is one of the effective measures to solve the problem of cultivated land quality degradation to put the farmers ' willingness of straw returning into action and make their willingness consistent with their behavior. Based on the theory of farmers' behavior, a theoretical analysis framework of the deviation between farmers' willingness and behavior of straw returning was constructed. Through the field investigation of 924 farmers in the three provinces of Northeast China, the influencing factors of the deviation between farmers' willingness and behavior of straw returning were determined by using the Logistic-ISM model and other analysis methods. The relationship and hierarchical structure between the influencing factors were further analyzed, and the action path was analyzed to reveal its internal influence mechanism. The results were listed as follows. (1) The study found that although 72.7% of farmers expressed a willingness to return straw to fields, only 16.9% actually did so. (2) Various factors such as education level, income, land scale, awareness of straw returning technology, perceived ease of use and usefulness of the technology, government subsidies, technical training, and interpersonal trust were identified as negatively influencing farmers' willingness and behavior, while employment status had a positive impact on willingness. (3) A detailed analysis of ten factors was conducted to establish a hierarchical framework of 'one inhibitory force, three paths' regarding the return of straw to fields by farmer households. And the study concluded that farmer household cognition was the primary direct driving factor, with technical training and interpersonal trust serving as intermediate indirect factors, and individual and family characteristics as deep-rooted factors. Therefore, recommendations based on this study include the development of high-quality professional farmers, promotion of large-scale land management, increasing farmers' awareness of the benefits of straw return, and fostering a positive public opinion towards field technology promotion and application.