民族地区畜牧业高质量发展水平评价与影响因素研究——以内蒙古自治区为例

EVALUATION AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENT LEVEL OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY IN ETHNIC AREAS——A CASE STUDY OF INNER MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION

关键词:  畜牧业  高质量发展  畜牧业现代化  内蒙古  地理探测器

Key words:  animal husbandry  high quality development  modernization of animal husbandry  Inner Mongolia  geographic detector

摘要:

目的 研究民族地区畜牧业高质量发展是统筹协调推进生态文明和美丽中国建设的重要支撑，也是全面推进乡村振兴的重要举措。方法 文章选取2012—2022年表征内蒙古畜牧业高质量发展的统计数据作为研究对象，运用综合赋权评价模型、TOPSIS法、耦合协调度模型和地理探测器等方法，定量探析内蒙古畜牧业高质量发展的时空分异格局和影响因素。结果 （1）畜牧业高质量发展水平的五大维度权重大小分别为：产品安全（0.285）＞产出高效（0.248）＞环境友好（0.239）＞资源节约（0.150）＞调控有效（0.077）；（2）内蒙古12个盟市畜牧业高质量发展水平存在不同步性，锡林郭勒盟、乌兰察布市、兴安盟和巴彦淖尔市的畜牧业高质量发展水平较高；（3）耦合协调度从空间演化上大致由衰退类的中度失调向发展类的中度协调的类型演化，从时间演化上以保持稳定和波动上升为主，总体上均处于发展类基本协调及以上类型并向高度协调的方向发展，但个别盟市出现相对下滑趋势；（4）利用地理探测器的分异探测得出空间分异解释力强度为：社会经济因素＞自然地理因素，社会经济因子是畜牧业高质量发展的主导动力；利用交互作用探测得出因子间交互耦合作用的驱动力均比单因子独立作用时更强，作用类型为双因子增强和非线性增强两种，表明畜牧业高质量发展的空间分异是多种因子相互耦合作用的结果。结论 内蒙古各盟市间畜牧业高质量发展水平差异显著，呈区域极化效应特征，未来需要加快建设国家重要农畜产品生产基地，保障绿色有机畜产品供给，推行暖季草原适度放牧和冷季舍饲半舍饲相结合的畜牧业生产模式，教育、人才、科技等基础投资向蒙东地区倾斜，支持畜牧业高质量发展社会经济领域的创新举措。

Abstract:

To study the high-quality development of animal husbandry in ethnic areas is an important support for promoting ecological civilization and the construction of a beautiful China in an overall and coordinated way, and also an important measure for comprehensively promoting rural revitalization. The statistical data representing the high-quality development of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia from 2012 to 2022 were selected as the research object, and the spatio-temporal differentiation pattern and influencing factors of the high-quality development of animal husbandry in Inner Mongolia were quantitatively analyzed by using the comprehensive weighting evaluation model, TOPSIS method, coupling coordination degree model and geographical detector. The results were listed as follows. (1) The weight of five dimensions of high-quality development level of animal husbandry were as follows: Product safety (0.285)>high output efficiency (0.248)>environmental friendliness (0.239)>resource conservation (0.150)>effective regulation (0.077); (2) The high-quality development level of animal husbandry in 12 League cities in Inner Mongolia was not synchronized. The high-quality development level of animal husbandry in Xilingol league, Ulanqab city, Xing'an league and Bayannaoer city was relatively high; (3) The coupling coordination degree evolved from moderate maladjustment of recession type to moderate coordination of development type in spatial evolution, and mainly kept stable and fluctuated upward in time evolution. Generally, it was in the basic coordination of development type or above and develops in the direction of high coordination, but some League cities had a relatively downward trend; (4) Using the differentiation detection of the geographical detector, it was concluded that the explanatory power of spatial differentiation was: socio-economic factors>natural geographical factors, and socio-economic factors were the leading force for the high-quality development of animal husbandry; Using the interaction detection, it was found that the driving force of the interaction coupling between factors was stronger than that of the single factor independent action, and the types of action were two kinds of double factor enhancement and nonlinear enhancement, indicating that the spatial differentiation of high-quality development of animal husbandry was the result of the interaction of multiple factors. Therefore, there are significant differences in the high-quality development level of animal husbandry among the cities of Inner Mongolia, which is characterized by regional polarization effect. In the future, it is necessary to speed up the construction of national important agricultural and livestock product production bases, ensure the supply of green organic livestock products, implement the animal husbandry production mode of combining moderate grazing in warm season grassland and semi house feeding in cold season, and tilt the basic investment in education, talent, science and technology to the eastern region of Inner Mongolia, so as to support the innovative measures in the socio-economic field of high-quality development of animal husbandry.