绿色发展背景下的耕地生态补偿标准量化研究——以广东市域为例

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF ECOLOGICAL COMPENSATION STANDARDS FOR CULTIVATED LAND IN THE CONTEXT OF GREEN DEVELOPMENT——TAKING THE CITIES IN GUANGDONG PROVINCE AS AN EXAMPLE

关键词:  绿色发展  耕地  生态系统服务  生态补偿  广东市域

Key words:  green development  cultivated land  ecosystem services  ecological compensation  various municipalities in Guangdong province

摘要:

目的 在绿色发展背景下，定量评估耕地生态系统服务的各项价值，明晰市域耕地生态补偿标准及其差异，为生态补偿政策的落实和执行提供科学的量化依据。方法 文章以广东市域为例，采用当量因子法评估了耕地生态系统服务正向价值，利用综合分析法等评估了其负向价值，引入了居民支付意愿系数、政府支付能力指数，测算了21个市域的耕地生态补偿标准。结果 （1）2022年广东21个市域的耕地生态服务正向价值是其负向价值的11.75倍（阳江）至84.85倍（深圳），净价值为6.87万元/hm²（阳江）至50.97万元/ hm²（中山），净价值总量占GDP的比重为0.03%（深圳）至13.65%（梅州）。（2）21个市域的耕地生态补偿标准为0.73万元/hm²（河源）至16.73万元/hm²（佛山）。并计算出了各市域耕地生态系统服务各部分正向价值的生态补偿值。结论 生态补偿政策的落实与执行在于补偿标准的科学和准确，通过案例区的探索与评估，能在一定程度上提升生态补偿标准的可操作性和普适性，提高生态补偿政策的执行效果，更好地贯彻落实绿色发展理念。

Abstract:

Under the green development framework, this research aims to quantitatively assess the ecosystem service values of cultivated land, clarify the regional compensation standards for cultivated land ecological services and their disparities at the municipal level, so as to provide a scientific and quantifiable basis for the implementation of ecological compensation policies. Taking the Guangdong municipal area as an example, this study evaluated the positive value of ecosystem services of cultivated land by the equivalent factor method, and assessed the negative value by the comprehensive analysis method, in addition, introduced the residents' willingness-to-pay coefficient and the government's payment capacity index to calculate ecological compensation standards of cultivated land in the 21 municipal regions. The results were listed as follows. The positive value of the ecological services of cultivated land in 21 cities in Guangdong province in 2022 was 11.75 times (Yangjiang) to 84.85 times (Shenzhen) that of the negative value. The net value ranged from 6.87 ten thousand Yuan per hectare (Yangjiang) to 50.97 ten thousand Yuan per hectare (Zhongshan). The proportion of their total net value to GDP ranged from 0.03% (Shenzhen) to 13.65% (Meizhou). The ecological compensation standards for cultivated land in the 21 cities were 0.73 ten thousand Yuan per hectare (Heyuan) to 16.73 ten thousand Yuan per hectare (Foshan). In addition, the ecological compensation values of each part positive value of the cultivated land ecosystem services in each city were also calculated. In summary, the implementation and enforcement of ecological compensation policies depend on the scientific and accurate standard of compensation. It can enhance the operability and universality of ecological compensation standards to some extent through the exploration and assessment of case areas, improving the implementation effect of ecological compensation policies and better implementing the concept of green development.