数字经济对农业高质量发展的影响研究——基于山西省2012—2022年面板数据的分析

RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF DIGITAL ECONOMY ON HIGH QUALITY DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE——ANALYSIS BASED ON PANEL DATA OF SHANXI PROVINCE FROM 2012 TO 2022

关键词:  数字经济  农业经济  高质量发展  实证分析  驱动效应

Key words:  digital economy  agricultural economy  high quality development  empirical analysis  driving effect

摘要:

目的 测度山西省数字经济和农业高质量水平，探索数字经济对农业高质量发展的驱动机制。方法 文章采用熵值法和综合指数法分别对数字经济和农业高质量发展进行量化评价，然后结合基准回归和多维回归等分析数字经济对农业高质量发展的驱动机制和区域异质性特点。结果 （1）综合指数测度结果显示，山西省数字经济和农业发展水平区域差异显著。（2）全样本基准回归分析结果：不考虑控制变量和依次加入控制变量政府支农水平、城镇化率和土地流转率的回归分析均显著为正，数字经济对农业高质量发展的直接影响指数值为0.185，农业数字化技术指数估计系数为0.169，显著为正，参数变量关系测算78.65%的间接驱动来自数字化技术创新。农业数字化技术指数估计系数为0.169，显著为正，说明数字经济通过数字技术革新形成的间接效益是存在的。（3）多维回归分析结果：数字经济与山西农业生产效率、协调发展、绿色发展、共同富裕4个维度呈显著正相关，与结构指数呈显著负相关。（4）区域异质性分析，数字经济对山西南部区域的农业高质量发展驱动效果高于北部区域，对沿黄分布区域与非沿黄分布区域农业高质量发展的驱动效果差异不大。回归结果通过稳健性和滞后处理验证。结论 数字经济能够直接和间接地驱动山西农业高质量发展，但同时也会带来一些不利因素，为了促进数字经济对农业高质量发展的积极作用：（1）需要推动数字技术创新，培育人才，完善设施，营造良好的数字经济发展环境。（2）摸清资源家底，制定差异化的区域发展策略，做好顶层设计和规划，南部区域要抓住数字经济发展契机，建立数字化现代化农业体系；北部区域则要挖掘优势，提升数字经济对农业的赋能作用。（3）需要疏通产业结构转型路径，重视产业融合和转型过程中遇到的障碍，借助数字平台的整合和集聚功能，补齐传统产业脱节短板，优化结构，打造全新的农业全产业链发展格局，为数据经济赋能农业高质量发展打下基础。

Abstract:

To understand the level of digital economy and high-quality agricultural development in Shanxi province, as well as the driving effect of digital economy on high-quality agricultural development, and provide a reference for the development of digital economy and agricultural modernization in the province. Firstly, based on theoretical analysis, hypotheses were proposed, and then an evaluation index system for digital economy and high-quality agricultural development was constructed to measure the level of development. Finally, based on panel data from Shanxi Province and 11 prefecture level cities from 2011 to 2022, a benchmark regression model was used to verify and analyze the driving effect of digital economy on high-quality agricultural development in Shanxi. The results were showed as follows. (1) The comprehensive index measurement results showed significant regional differences in the development level of digital economy and agriculture in Shanxi province. (2) The results of the full sample benchmark regression analysis showed that both the regression analysis without considering control variables and with the addition of control variables such as government agricultural support level, urbanization rate, and land transfer rate were significantly positive. The direct impact index value of the digital economy on high-quality agricultural development was 0.185, and the estimated coefficient of the agricultural digital technology index was 0.169, which was significantly positive. The parameter variable relationship was calculated to be 78.65% indirectly driven by digital technology innovation. (3) The results of multidimensional regression analysis showed that the digital economy was significantly positively correlated with the four dimensions of Shanxi's agricultural production efficiency, coordinated development, green development, and common prosperity, and significantly negatively correlated with the structural index. (4) Regional heterogeneity analysis showed that the driving effect of the digital economy on the high-quality development of agriculture in the rainy areas of southern Shanxi was higher than that in the less rainy areas of the north, and there was not much difference in the driving effect on the high-quality development of agriculture between the Yellow River distribution areas and non Yellow River distribution areas. In summary, the digital economy can directly and indirectly drive the high-quality development of agriculture in Shanxi, but it also brings some unfavorable factors. In order to promote the positive role of the digital economy in the high-quality development of agriculture, firstly, it is necessary to promote digital technology innovation, cultivate talents, improve facilities, and create a favorable environment for the development of the digital economy. Secondly, it is important to understand the resource situation, formulate differentiated regional development strategies, and carry out top-level design and planning. The southern Fengyu district should seize the opportunity of digital economic development and establish a digital modern agricultural system; In areas with less rainfall in the north, we need to explore advantages and enhance the empowering role of the digital economy in agriculture. Thirdly, it is essential to clear the path of industrial structure transformation, attach importance to the obstacles encountered in industrial integration and transformation, use the integration and agglomeration functions of digital platforms to fill the gaps in traditional industries, optimize the structure, and create a new development pattern for the entire agricultural industry chain, laying the foundation for empowering high-quality agricultural development with the data economy.