地理标志、市场竞争对农业技术创新的影响研究——基于30个省域的经验证据

关键词:  地理标志  市场竞争  农业技术创新  技术距离  机制研究

Key words:  geographical indications  market competition  agricultural technological innovation  distance to the frontier  mechanism study

摘要:

目的 探究地理标志对农业技术创新的影响，对实现保护传统和推动创新的双重目标和农业高质量发展具有现实意义。方法 文章利用2008—2021年中国30个省（市、区，不含港澳台和西藏）地理标志和农业技术创新数据，基于新熊比特增长框架，实证检验地理标志对农业技术创新的影响效应及作用机制。结果 （1）总体来看，地理标志认证促进了农业技术创新，可以实现保护传统和推动创新的双重目标；（2）异质性研究发现，地理标志认证会降低技术前沿地区的农业技术创新，但却刺激了落后地区的创新力度；地理标志对农业技术创新的促进作用呈现东部地区<中部地区<西部地区的特征；（3）机制研究发现，地理标志认证通过提高市场竞争进而促进农业技术创新。结论 要正确认识地理标志认证和农业技术创新之间的关系，合理制定农产品地理标志政策，实现保护传统工艺和推动创新发展的双重目标。

Abstract:

Studying the impact of geographical indications (GIs) on technological innovation is of practical significance in achieving the dual goals of balancing the protection of tradition and the promotion of innovation, as well as high-quality agricultural development. Using data on GIs and agricultural technology innovation in 30 provinces (cities, autonomous regions) in China from 2008 to 2021, this paper empirically examined the relationship between GI certification and agricultural technology innovation from a technological distance perspective using Neo-Schumpeterian new ‘distance-to-the-frontier' model. The study found that: (1) In general, GI certification promoted agricultural technological innovation, and the dual objectives of preserving tradition and promoting innovation could be achieved; (2) Heterogeneity study found that the promotion effect of GI on agricultural technological innovation depended on the gap between regional technology levels and frontier technology levels, with GI certification reducing agricultural technological innovation in areas close to the technological frontier, but stimulating innovation in lagging areas. The promotion effect of GIs on agricultural technological innovation was characterized by Eastern region < Central region < Western region. The promoting effect of geographical indications on agricultural technological innovation was more captured by the western region, which was lagging behind the technology frontier; (3) Mechanism study found that GI certification increased the market competition, thus promoting technological innovation. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly understand the relationship between GI certification and agricultural technology innovation, rationally formulate agricultural product geographical indication policies, and realize the dual goals of protecting traditional technology and promoting innovative development.