山西省小杂粮生产时空变化及竞争力分析

SPATIO-TEMPORAL VARIATION AND COMPETITIVENESS ANALYSIS OF MINOR CEREAL PRODUCTION IN SHANXI PROVINCE

关键词:  小杂粮  时空变化  重心迁移模型  竞争力分析  山西省

Key words:  minor cereals  spatio-temporal variation  gravity center migration model  competitiveness analysis  Shanxi province

摘要:

目的 对山西省小杂粮生产时空变化和竞争力进行分析，确定小杂粮作物生产优劣分区，为区域小杂粮生产要素的优化配置提供科学参考。方法 文章基于2013—2022年全国及山西省小杂粮生产数据，运用重心迁移模型探究山西省主要小杂粮生产格局变化，并借助竞争力评价指标分析山西省主要小杂粮市场占有率、资源禀赋系数和比较优势指数，确定小杂粮优劣产区。结果 （1）山西省是我国谷子、高粱、燕麦的主要产区，小杂粮播种面积基本保持稳定，产量呈现上升趋势；（2）山西省主要小杂粮生产重心发生不同程度迁移，其中谷子、高粱和荞麦生产重心变化幅度较大，燕麦生产重心变化幅度小，主产区较为稳定；（3）山西省谷子、高粱、燕麦和荞麦生产在全国具有一定的竞争力，但谷子、高粱的生产较为粗放，效率水平较低；（4）生产分区上，山西省谷子种植优势区6个，高粱种植优势区3个，燕麦种植优势区3个，荞麦种植优势区3个。结论 山西省小杂粮生产在规模化和专业化上还有所不足，需进一步优化省内各地区小杂粮作物的空间格局，加大科技创新力度，提高小杂粮生产效率。

Abstract:

To analyze the temporal and spatial variations and competitiveness of minor cereals production in Shanxi province, and determine the advantageous and disadvantageous areas of minor cereals production, so as to provide scientific guidance for optimizing the allocation of regional minor cereal production factors. Based on the national and provincial minor cereals production data in Shanxi province from 2013 to 2022, this study explored the changes in production patterns of major minor cereals in Shanxi province using a gravity center migration model, and used competitiveness evaluation indices to analyze the market share, resource endowment coefficients, and comparative advantage index of major minor cereals in Shanxi province, and finally determined the advantageous and disadvantageous production areas of minor cereals. The results were revealed as follows. (1) Shanxi province was the main producer of millet, sorghum, and oats in China, and the area sown to minor cereals had remained broadly stable, with production showing an upward trend. (2) Shanxi province had seen a shift in the center of gravity of major cereals production to varying degrees, among them, the center of gravity for the production of millet, sorghum, and buckwheat had experienced larger change magnitudes, while the magnitude of change in the center of gravity of oat production was small, and the main production areas were more stable.(3) Millet, sorghum, oats, and buckwheat production in Shanxi province were reasonably competitive nationally, however, millet and sorghum production were more crude and less efficient. (4) In terms of production zoning, Shanxi province had established six advantageous cultivation areas for millet, along with three advantageous cultivation areas each for sorghum, oats, and buckwheat. In summary, the production of minor cereals in Shanxi province is still insufficient in scale and specialization at present. And it is necessary to further optimize the spatial pattern of minor cereals production in different regions of the province and strengthen scientific and technological innovation to improve the efficiency of minor cereals production.