近20年我国农村社会组织的研究综述与展望

REVIEW AND PROSPECT OF RURAL SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONS IN CHINA OVER THE PAST TWO DECADES

关键词:  农村社会组织  组织基础  CiteSpace  知识图谱  乡村振兴

Key words:  rural social organization  organizational foundation  CiteSpace  knowledge mapping  rural revitalization

摘要:

目的 农村社会组织作为基层社会治理现代化的重要主体，在共建共治共享的社会治理格局中发挥着重要的组织功能。文章通过对我国近20年有关于农村社会组织研究成果的分析，梳理农村社会组织的研究样态和演进趋势，为进一步推进我国农村社会组织发展提供理论指导和实践借鉴。方法 该文将2004—2023年中国知网期刊中文数据库发表的以“农村社会组织”为主题的1 452篇CSSCI来源期刊（含扩展版）和北大核心论文作为样本，借助文献计量软件CiteSpace对近20年农村社会组织研究的发文量、核心作者、研究机构及高频关键词等进行文献计量分析。结果 围绕宏观政策与微观实践的变迁，农村社会组织研究经历了萌芽探索、增速转向与成熟聚焦三个阶段。在萌芽探索阶段，社会组织参与新农村建设呈现行政主导特征；到增速转向期，其形态由行政型转向治理型，组织目标也从社区管理发展为社区治理；进入成熟聚焦阶段后，农村社会组织进一步融入现有社会治理体系，研究内容也在政策引导下更为聚焦。结论 现有研究在取得丰硕理论成果的同时，亦在多方面存在研究瓶颈。未来研究可以从多维度拓展研究视角、全方位开辟研究内容和多学科实现交叉融合等方面进一步延展和深化农村社会组织的研究领域。

Abstract:

Rural social organizations have become a significant component of modern grassroots social governance, contributing to the framework of “co-construction, co-governance, and shared benefits.” This thesis reviews the research achievements on rural social organizations in China over the past two decades, identifies the patterns and trends in these studies, and offers theoretical insights and practical recommendations to support the continued development of rural social organizations in China. This study took 1 452 CSSCI-listed journal articles (including the extended version) and Peking University Core Journals, published between 2004 and 2023 in the CNKI database, as samples. A bibliometric analysis of publication volume, key authors, research institutions, and frequently used keywords in rural social organization research over the past twenty years was carried out using the bibliometric software CiteSpace. The results were showed as follows. The evolution of rural social organizations progressed through three distinct phases: nascent exploration, accelerated transformation, and mature focus. During the nascent exploration phase, organizational participation in new rural construction was characterized by administrative dominance. By the accelerated transformation period, their form shifted from administrative to governance-oriented, with organizational objectives evolving from community management to community governance. Upon entering the mature focus phase, rural social organizations further integrated into existing social governance systems, while research content became more targeted under policy guidance. In summary, despite the rich theoretical achievements of existing studies, there are still multiple research bottlenecks in various aspects. Future research can further expand and deepen the study of rural social organizations by broadening research perspectives from multiple dimensions, exploring a broader range of research topics, and promoting interdisciplinary integration.