西南民族地区农文旅融合水平测度及影响因素研究——以贵州省黔东南苗族侗族自治州为例

RESEARCH ON THE MEASUREMENT AND INFLUENCING FACTORS OF THE INTEGRATION LEVEL OF AGRICULTURE, CULTURE AND TOURISM IN SOUTHWEST CHINA ETHNIC AREAS——QIANDONGNAN MIAO AND DONG AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE, GUIZHOU PROVINCE

关键词:  西南民族地区  农文旅融合  水平测度  熵权TOPSIS法  fs/QCA

Key words:  southwest China ethnic areas  integration of agriculture, culture and tourism  level measurement  Entropy-weighted TOPSIS method  fs/QCA

摘要:

目的 培育打造乡村旅游新业态，推动农业与文化旅游产业深度融合发展，是促进农民增收，实现共同富裕和全面推进乡村振兴的重要途径。方法 文章以黔东南州16个县市为研究对象，基于乡村地域协调系统和共生理论构建农文旅融合发展理论框架和评价体系，采用熵权TOPSIS模型评价西南民族地区农文旅融合水平，运用模糊定性分析法（fs/QCA）进一步探讨西南民族地区农文旅融合的影响因素及其组态路径。结果 （1）西南民族地区的农文旅融合整体水平偏低，50%的研究对象处于较低水平及低水平，且地区差异性较大。其中研究区域的经济发展和社会进步维度均值较低，文化传承维度均值位居第二，生态保护维度均值最高，同时地区差异性较大，且呈现梯级特性；（2）单因素必要性分析结果表明，资源禀赋、设施保障、政府支持与市场营销等所有条件变量均不足以单独构成必要条件；（3）影响西南民族地区农文旅融合发展的路径有3种不同类型，即资源依赖型发展路径、政府主导型发展路径和市场驱动型发展路径，每种类型对应不同的影响因素组合。结论 西南民族地区应当摒弃单一的传统农业或旅游发展模式，选择最适宜的影响因素组合策略，不断提升农文旅融合发展的水平，努力实现西南少数民族地区乡村振兴的战略目标。

Abstract:

Actively fostering the creation of new rural tourism business and promoting the deep integration and development of agriculture and cultural tourism industry is an important way to promote farmers' income, achieve common prosperity and comprehensively promote rural revitalization. This research took 16 counties and cities in Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture as the research object, constructed a theoretical framework and evaluation system for the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism based on the rural territorial coordinating system and symbiosis theory, evaluated the level of integration of agriculture, culture and tourism in southwest China ethnic regions using Entropy-weighted TOPSIS model, and applied the Fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fs/QCA) to further explore the influencing factors of the integration of agriculture, culture and tourism in the Southwest China's nationalities and its configuration paths. The results showed that: (1) The overall level of the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism in the southwest China ethnic region was relatively low, with 50% of the research subjects were at a lower level and a low level, and there was a large regional difference. Among them, the mean value of the economic development and social progress dimension of the study area was low, the mean value of the cultural heritage dimension was the second highest, and the mean value of the ecological protection dimension was the highest, at the same time there was a high degree of regional variability and a gradient characteristic. (2)The results of the single-factor necessity analysis showed that all the conditional variables, such as the endowment of resources, the guarantee of facilities, the support of the government, and marketing were not sufficient to constitute the necessity conditions individually. (3)There were three influencing paths of the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism in the southwest China ethnic region, namely, resource-dependent development paths, government-led development paths and market-driven development paths, and each type corresponded to a different combination of influencing factors. Therefore, southwest ethnic areas should abandon the single traditional agricultural or tourism development model, choose the most appropriate combination of influencing factors strategy, and continuously improve the level of integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism, and strive to achieve the strategic goal of rural revitalisation in southwest ethnic minority areas.