沧州市盐碱地综合利用创新实践与路径探索

INNOVATIVE PRACTICE AND PATHWAY EXPLORATION OF COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION OF SALINE-ALKALI LAND IN COASTAL AREABASED ON CANGZHOU CITY

关键词:  盐碱地  综合利用  沧州市  实践  路径

Key words:  saline-alkali land  comprehensive utilization  Cangzhou city  practice  pathway

摘要:

目的 系统梳理沧州市盐碱地综合利用的实践成效，深入探索沧州市盐碱地综合利用的发展路径，为我国滨海盐碱区治理提供借鉴。方法 文章采用实证研究方法，从技术体系、治理模式及发展路径等多维度进行分析，并总结提炼可推广的综合利用模式。结果 沧州市已建成了全国闻名的旱碱麦产业集聚区、搭建了多层次高水平研发平台、研发了系列旱碱麦新品种和构建了3类盐碱地治理模式，形成了一批产业融合主体，但同时面临耐盐碱作物品种培育技术、非常规水精准利用技术不成熟，生物改良技术存在应用瓶颈和重度盐碱地改良技术尚未突破等问题。基于此，该文提出建立“治、改、提、用”改造利用模式，构建“地力提升降盐碱、灌排工程控盐碱、新品种耐盐碱”综合改造利用技术体系，实施盐碱地协同治理、耐盐碱育种创新、产业融合提升、绿色智慧农业发展、体制机制创新及监测管护强化等六大举措，推动沧州市建设全国领先的盐碱地综合改造利用示范区。结论 可通过强化组织领导、加大资金支持、加快科技研发、扩大示范推广、创新体制机制和加强宣传引导，保障沧州市盐碱地综合利用有效落实。

Abstract:

This research systematically summarizes the practical effects of comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in Cangzhou city, deeply explores the development path of comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land in Cangzhou city, and provides a reference for the management of coastal saline-alkali areas in China.An empirical research method was adopted to analyze the comprehensive utilization of saline-alkali land from multiple dimensions, including technological systems, governance models and development pathways, and to summarize transferable utilization models. Cangzhou City successfully established a nationally renowned and highly influential industrial cluster specialized in drought-tolerant alkaline wheat, build a multi-tiered, high-level R&D platform that integrated academic research and industrial application, developed a series of high-yield, high-quality new drought-tolerant alkaline wheat varieties suitable for local soil, constructed three scientific and efficient types of saline-alkali land remediation models with clear technical standards, and fostered a group of competitive integrated industrial entities covering production, processing and sales. However, significant challenges remained that constrained further development. These included underdeveloped technologies for breeding highly salt-tolerant crop varieties, inefficient use of unconventional water resources, limitations in scaling up biological restoration methods, and a lack of effective solutions for the remediation of heavily saline-alkali soils. To address these issues, this study proposed a comprehensive framework centered on "reclamation, modification, enhancement, utilization". This involved constructing an integrated technological system focused on enhancing soil fertility to reduce salinity, implementing hydraulic engineering to control saltinity, and developing new salt-tolerant crop varieties. Six key initiatives were recommended: coordinated governance of saline-alkali land, innovation in salt-tolerant breeding, industrial integration and value chain upgrading, promotion of green and smart agricultural practices, institutional and policy innovation, and strengthened monitoring and maintenance mechanisms. These efforts were aimed at establishing Cangzhou as a nationally leading demonstration zone for the comprehensive remediation and utilization of saline-alkali land. To ensure the effective implementation of these strategies, multi-faceted supporting measures are essential. These include strengthening organizational leadership, increasing financial investment, accelerating scientific research and technological development, expanding demonstration projects and scaling successful models, innovating institutional mechanisms, and enhancing public awareness and technical training.