基于农户生计视角的耕地利用转型解析

ANALYSIS OF CULTIVATED LAND USE TRANSFORMATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF FARMERS' LIVELIHOOD

关键词:  农户生计  耕地利用  生计转型  转型机制  多功能转向

Key words:  farmers' livelihood  cultivated land utilization  livelihood transformation  transformation mechanism  multi-function steering

摘要:

目的 明晰中国城乡要素双向加速流动背景下，农户生计转型和耕地利用转型的作用关系。方法 文章在基于农户视角的耕地利用转型分析基础上，分别从城乡和乡村农户两个维度，解析了农户生计转型与耕地利用转型的相互作用关系，进而展望了乡村振兴下农户生计转型与耕地利用转型的研究主题。结果 （1）城乡层面存在着基于“产业→人口→生计→耕地”链条的农户生计转型与耕地利用转型时空耦合；乡村层面存在着基于农户“生计—生产—耕地”链条的农户生计转型与耕地利用转型时空耦合。（2）农户生计转型分化及乡村发展主体多元化引起的价值诉求差异化，进一步驱动了乡村耕地利用多功能转型与乡村的多功能转向。基于耕地利用在生态产品供给、休闲康养、文化传承等方面多功能边界的拓展，加速推动了耕地利用、农业生产及乡村发展的多功能转型。结论 乡村振兴背景下，基于农户生计视角应关注多尺度多梯度分异下的农户生计转型与耕地利用转型耦合，注重农户生计转型与耕地利用转型发展的“格局—过程”研究，加强基于耕地利用社会生态反馈的、乡村多元主体协同发展下的农户生计转型与耕地利用转型研究。

Abstract:

In order to clarify the relationship between farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation under the background of two-way accelerated flow of urban and rural factors in China. Based on the analysis of cultivated land use transformation from the perspective of farmers, this paper analyzed the driving relationship between farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation from the two levels of urban and rural farmers, and then looked forward to the research theme of farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation under rural revitalization. The results were showed as follows. At the urban and rural level, there was a time-space coupling between farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation based on the chain of "industry→population→livelihood→cultivated land"; At the rural level, there was a time-space coupling between farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation based on the farmers' "livelihood, production cultivated land" chain. The differentiation of farmers' livelihood transformation and the differentiation of value demands caused by the diversification of rural development subjects further drove the multi-functional transformation of rural cultivated land use and rural multi-functional transformation. Based on the expansion of the multi-functional boundary of cultivated land use in the supply of ecological products, leisure and health care, cultural inheritance and other aspects, it had promoted the multi-functional transformation of cultivated land, agricultural production and rural development. Therefore, in the context of rural revitalization, from the perspective of farmers' livelihood, it should pay attention to the coupling between farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation under multi-scale and multi gradient differentiation, emphasize the "pattern process" research of farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation and development, and strengthen the research on farmers' livelihood transformation and cultivated land use transformation based on the social ecological feedback of cultivated land use and the coordinated development of rural multiple subjects.